Unification of Modern Nepal

 Unification of Modern Nepal 

Nepal's recorded history began with the kiratis, who arrived in Kathmandu valley in the 7th or 8th century BC from the east. The kiratis ruled over  1225 years ( 800 BC - 300 BC), they had a total of 29 kings during that time. Their first and the best remembered king was Yalamba Haang, better known as yalambar  who is mentioned in the epic Mahabharata. 

The first record of the word 'Nepal' is found in the ancient Indian animals such as the puranas from the 4th century A.D where an area known as ' Newal ' or sometimes ' Newar ' is mentioned referring to what is now known as Kathmandu. However the state has changed from time to time during it's history, expanding and shrinking in area since ancient times. 

Nepal had been ruled throughout it's history by the kings of different dynasties until monarchy was abolished in 2063 BS. Nepal as a political region as been united by dofferent king of different kingdom at various time in Nepalese history. 

King Prithivi Narayan Shah

King Prithivi Narayan Shah was born as the eldest son of King Narabhupal Shah and his second wife Queen Kaushalyawati in the Shah dynasty of Gorkha in 17 January, 1723 A.D (17 poush, 1779 B.S). He grew up under love, care, and supervision of the eldest queen Chandrapravawati. She taught him Ramayan, Mahabharata, Diplomacy and politics. He was clever and resolute
rom childhood. He got horse-riding, archery, sword fighting coaching once he was a young boy.

He became king of Gorkha in 17999 at the age of 20. He was interested in politics and diplomacy and also had interest in conquering other countries since his day as Prince. 

Prithivi Narayan Shah is known as the founder of Modern Nepal. He marked the beginning of Modern period in the history of Nepal. Before him there have been several small principalities in what we have today, modern Nepal.

He had the foundation of the unification of Modern Nepal by conquering the Malla kingdom to Kathmandu. He was able to conquer most of the states in modern day east Nepal and some of the principalities or kingdom of bhaisi rakha and some of the 24 kingdoms ( the chaubisya Rajya ), which were two sets of allies west of the king's homeland of Gorkha, in what is called now western Nepal. 

In the later years, his able son, Bahadur Shah, Daughter in law, Rajendra laxmi and Gribanyuddha bikram Shah completed the unification campaign. The unification campaign was completed in three phases.

• Phase 1 : Prithivi Narayan Shah conquered, Nuwakot, Makwanpur, the Kathmandu valley and most of the states of eastern Nepal.
• Rajendra laxmi Shah and Bahadur Shah conquered and annexed most of the  smaller chaubise and Baisi states of Gandaki and Karnali regions.
• During the region of Girbanyuddha Shah, Bhimsen thapa annexed the state of paila into Nepal. 

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